Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a field of computer science dedicated to creating machines that can perform tasks that require human intelligence. These tasks include learning (obtaining information and rules to use the information), reasoning (using rules to reach approximate or certain conclusions), and self-correction. Especially in the area of machine learning, AI is able to learn without explicit programming and perform automatic data processing.
The main components and methods of AI include:
- Machine learning – technologies that allow computers to learn from data and make predictions or decisions based on previous experience.
- Deep learning is a subsection of machine learning that uses complex neural networks with multiple levels of abstraction to process data.
- Neural networks are algorithms inspired by the structure of the human brain that are able to learn and recognise patterns from large amounts of data.
AI is being applied to a wide variety of industries:
- Healthcare for diagnosing diseases, creating personalised treatment plans and managing medical data.
- Finance for trading automation, risk management and fraud prevention.
- Automotive industry to develop autonomous vehicles and driver assistance systems.
The ethical and legal aspects of AI require special attention as issues of privacy, security and responsibility for decisions made by machines arise. There is a need to develop legislative and regulatory frameworks that will govern the use of AI to ensure its safe and effective use in the public interest.