{"id":10416,"date":"2024-11-02T14:00:52","date_gmt":"2024-11-02T14:00:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdy.ai\/two-nobel-prizes-in-2025-were-awarded-for-achievements-related-to-artificial-intelligence\/"},"modified":"2025-04-14T06:03:04","modified_gmt":"2025-04-14T06:03:04","slug":"two-nobel-prizes-in-2025-were-awarded-for-achievements-related-to-artificial-intelligence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/crowdy.ai\/sk\/two-nobel-prizes-in-2025-were-awarded-for-achievements-related-to-artificial-intelligence\/","title":{"rendered":"Dve Nobelove ceny v roku 2025 boli udelen\u00e9 za \u00faspechy v oblasti umelej inteligencie"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Nobelova cena za ch\u00e9miu bola udelen\u00e1 za vynikaj\u00face v\u00fdsledky vo v\u00fdskume \u0161trukt\u00fary bielkov\u00edn. Laure\u00e1tmi sa stali americk\u00fd vedec David Baker a britsk\u00ed v\u00fdskumn\u00edci John Jumper a Demis Hassabis za ich pr\u00ednos k \u201eodhaleniu k\u00f3du prote\u00ednov\u00fdch \u0161trukt\u00far\u201c. David Baker bol ocenen\u00fd za vypracovanie met\u00f3d na vytvorenie \u00faplne nov\u00fdch typov prote\u00ednov, \u010do vedci pova\u017eovali za takmer nemo\u017en\u00e9. Tieto nov\u00e9 techniky sa vyu\u017eili na otvorenie nov\u00fdch obzorov v bioch\u00e9mii a medic\u00edne.<\/p>\n<p>Na druhej strane John Jumper a Demis Hassabis vyvinuli pokro\u010dil\u00fd model umelej inteligencie na predpovedanie zlo\u017eit\u00fdch \u0161trukt\u00far prote\u00ednov. Z\u00e1klad tejto neur\u00f3novej siete bol spusten\u00fd e\u0161te v roku 2020 a predstavuje v\u00e1\u017eny prelom vo v\u00fdpo\u010dtovom modelovan\u00ed. M\u00e1 \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatnenie v oblastiach, ako s\u00fa farmaceutick\u00fd priemysel a biotechnol\u00f3gie.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdskum Davida Bakera z roku 2003 a britsk\u00fd v\u00fdvoj neur\u00f3nov\u00fdch siet\u00ed s\u00fa tak z\u00e1kladn\u00fdmi kame\u0148mi v ch\u00e1pan\u00ed a aplik\u00e1cii vedy o prote\u00ednoch. Tieto nov\u00e9 poznatky preh\u013abia na\u0161e ch\u00e1panie biologick\u00fdch procesov na molekul\u00e1rnej \u00farovni a otvoria nov\u00e9 perspekt\u00edvy pre v\u00fdvoj liekov a terapi\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Nobelovu cenu za fyziku z\u00edskali americk\u00fd vedec John Hopfield a britsk\u00fd v\u00fdskumn\u00edk Geoffrey Hinton za vynikaj\u00facu pr\u00e1cu v oblasti strojov\u00e9ho u\u010denia. John Hopfield sa zasl\u00fa\u017eil o vyn\u00e1jdenie asociat\u00edvnej neur\u00f3novej siete, ktor\u00e1 dok\u00e1\u017ee obnovi\u0165 cel\u00e9 obrazy z \u010diasto\u010dn\u00fdch, po\u0161koden\u00fdch alebo inak po\u0161koden\u00fdch verzi\u00ed. V\u010faka tejto technol\u00f3gii sa rozvinul rozsiahly v\u00fdskum toho, ako mozog spracov\u00e1va inform\u00e1cie a rekon\u0161truuje spomienky.<\/p>\n<p>Geoffrey Hinton z\u00edskal rovnak\u00fa prest\u00ed\u017e za vytvorenie rekurentnej neur\u00f3novej siete, ktor\u00e1 v\u00fdrazne pomohla pri rozpozn\u00e1van\u00ed a anal\u00fdze \u0161pecifick\u00fdch prvkov v obrazoch a sekvenci\u00e1ch \u00fadajov, pri\u010dom jeho pr\u00e1ca v tomto obdob\u00ed sl\u00fa\u017eila ako z\u00e1klad modern\u00fdch met\u00f3d spracovania prirodzen\u00e9ho jazyka a met\u00f3d po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9ho videnia.<\/p>\n<p>Ich pr\u00e1ca v 80. rokoch minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia bola z\u00e1kladom cel\u00e9ho ned\u00e1vneho rozmachu umelej inteligencie, a to tak z h\u013eadiska technologick\u00e9ho, ako aj koncep\u010dn\u00e9ho podkladu pre rozmanit\u00e9 smery v\u00fdvoja v tejto oblasti. Tieto \u00faspechy sved\u010dili nielen o ve\u013ekej \u00falohe teoretick\u00e9ho v\u00fdskumu v z\u00e1kladnej fyzike a informatike, ale zd\u00f4raznili aj silu interdisciplin\u00e1rneho pr\u00edstupu k vedeck\u00fdm objavom.[\/vc_column_text][vc_video link=&#8220;https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Wqg10tH-HhQ&#8220; el_width=&#8220;70&#8243; align=&#8220;center&#8220; css=&#8220;&#8220; title=&#8220;Dve Nobelove ceny v roku 2025 boli udelen\u00e9 za \u00faspechy v oblasti ui &#8222;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Nobelova cena za ch\u00e9miu bola udelen\u00e1 za vynikaj\u00face v\u00fdsledky vo v\u00fdskume \u0161trukt\u00fary bielkov\u00edn. Laure\u00e1tmi sa stali americk\u00fd vedec David Baker a britsk\u00ed v\u00fdskumn\u00edci John Jumper a Demis Hassabis za ich pr\u00ednos k \u201eodhaleniu k\u00f3du prote\u00ednov\u00fdch \u0161trukt\u00far\u201c. David Baker bol ocenen\u00fd za vypracovanie met\u00f3d na vytvorenie \u00faplne nov\u00fdch typov prote\u00ednov, \u010do vedci pova\u017eovali za takmer nemo\u017en\u00e9. &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdy.ai\/sk\/two-nobel-prizes-in-2025-were-awarded-for-achievements-related-to-artificial-intelligence\/\" class=\"more-link\">Pokra\u010dova\u0165 v \u010d\u00edtan\u00ed <span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8222;Dve Nobelove ceny v roku 2025 boli udelen\u00e9 za \u00faspechy v oblasti umelej inteligencie&#8220;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10417,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[243],"tags":[344],"class_list":["post-10416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ai-sk","tag-ai-in-related-fields-sk"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/crowdy.ai\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10416","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/crowdy.ai\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/crowdy.ai\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crowdy.ai\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crowdy.ai\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10416"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/crowdy.ai\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10416\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22271,"href":"https:\/\/crowdy.ai\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10416\/revisions\/22271"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crowdy.ai\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10417"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/crowdy.ai\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10416"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crowdy.ai\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10416"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crowdy.ai\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10416"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}